The primary tools of basic neurophysiological research include electrophysiological recordings, such as patch clamp, voltage clamp, extracellular single-unit recording and recording of local field potentials, as well as some of the methods of calcium imaging,optogenetics, and molecular biology.

Neurophysiology is connected with electrophysiology, neurobiology, psychology, neurology, clinical neurophysiology, neuroanatomy, cognitive science, biophysics,mathematical biology, and other brain sciences.[1]

Initial Overview based on Wikipedia entry Jan. 3, 2016.  Also see the Nervous System, Brain,  and Human Brain wikipedia entries.

The Stanley team will focus on the development of tools to instantly and precisely target cell activity deep in the brain using radio waves, nanoparticles and genetically modified viruses.

NIH Webpages

The findings illustrate structural and functional connections that allow the brain to use reinforcement learning to make spatial decisions. This discovery will impact learning and could lead to improved treatments for Parkinson’s disease.

Journal of Neuroscience 3/4/15